The knowledge of heart mechanics was first described in 1628 by Harvey.[1] Scientific understanding of the heart’s function and its diseases developed rapidly from the 19th century to today’s high-tech medicine. However, it was not until the end of the last century that it was rediscovered that the human being should be seen as a whole. Connections between the physical and the psychological side, between the heart and feelings, received attention. Somatic concerns and mental health are not isolated domains but deeply interconnected, influencing each other. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can lead to mental health issues such as stress, anxiety, and depression. Conversely, mental health issues are associated with increased cardiac risk. For example, the association between depression and coronary heart disease has been demonstrated in numerous studies.[2] There are multiple pathways by which psychological factors influence CVD risk. These include physiological pathways (such as inflammatory response, glucose and lipid homeostasis, and coagulation) as well as indirect effects through health behaviors that influence CVD.[3] Accordingly, the importance of psychosocial factors can now be found in many treatment guidelines in cardiology.[4] However, the integration of psychological aspects into cardiological care has remained largely under-represented. Therefore, the necessity of implementing a holistic approach to health care that integrates the treatment of physical symptoms of CVDs with interventions aimed at addressing mental health needs to be emphasized. For the treatment and day-to-day care of patients and in all areas of prevention, it is essential to know the interrelationships between heart disease, psychology, and the social environment and to take them into account in treatment. Extensive research is now available on a holistic perspective referred to as the biopsychosocial model. The preponderance of data suggests that interventions to improve psychological health can have a beneficial impact on cardiovascular health.[5]
WARNING: Login required