Abstract

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acute cardiac condition that primarily affects postmenopausal women and is often triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. TTS mimics acute coronary syndrome in its clinical presentation, with symptoms such as chest pain, dyspnea, and changes in the electrocardiogram and with the characteristic transient wall motion abnormalities that occur in the absence of culprit coronary artery disease. However, it is distinguished by the absence of significant blockage in the coronary arteries. The pathophysiology of TTS is not fully understood: It is believed to involve a surge in catecholamines leading to myocardial stunning. Psychological stress and psychiatric disorders are significant precipitating factors, emphasizing the importance of integrating psychological interventions in the treatment of TTS. Among various psychological approaches, mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have attracted attention for their role in contributing to cardiovascular health. Empirical evidence and recent neuroimaging studies support the effectiveness of MBIs in reducing stress, enhancing emotional regulation, and improving cardiovascular outcomes. There is evidence suggesting that MBIs could be a valuable complement to traditional medical treatments in TTS, potentially improving patient prognosis and quality of life. This review aims to examine the role of stress and psychiatric symptoms in the development of TTS and to assess the potential advantages of psychological interventions, such as mindfulness, in the treatment and prevention of this syndrome. Future studies should focus on long-term effects and optimal implementation strategies to maximize the benefits of mindfulness in managing TTS.